William Shakespeare, one of the most famous and influential writers in the English language, is known for his plays, sonnets, and poems. His work has transcended centuries, and his influence on literature, theatre, and the English language is immeasurable. But what prompted Shakespeare to start writing? Why did he choose the path of a playwright, poet, and literary icon?
This article explores the key factors that may have influenced Shakespeare’s decision to become a writer. By examining his life, historical context, personal experiences, and influences, we can gain insight into the motivations behind his decision to pursue writing as a career. While many aspects of his life remain speculative due to the limited records from his time, we can draw conclusions based on the available evidence and the works he produced.
1. Shakespeare’s Early Life and Education
William Shakespeare was born in 1564 in Stratford-upon-Avon, England, to John Shakespeare and Mary Arden. His early life played a crucial role in shaping his literary career. Growing up in a small town, Shakespeare’s access to formal education was likely limited compared to that of people in larger cities, but Stratford was known for its grammar school, where he would have learned Latin, rhetoric, and literature. These subjects were essential for a writer at the time and would have helped lay the foundation for his future work.
The Influence of Education
Shakespeare’s formal education, though possibly brief, was robust in the subjects most important for writers of his time. Latin and classical literature were cornerstones of the curriculum, and the ability to read and understand the works of ancient authors such as Virgil, Ovid, and Cicero likely influenced Shakespeare’s writing style and themes. His education would have provided him with knowledge of mythological and historical subjects, which he would later draw on for inspiration in his plays.
The Role of Family and Community
The importance of Shakespeare’s family and the community of Stratford also cannot be overlooked. His father, John Shakespeare, was a successful merchant and public official, and it is believed that he would have wanted his son to have a better future than simply following in his footsteps. Additionally, the religious atmosphere of the time, along with the rise of English national identity and pride, may have influenced Shakespeare’s thinking and creativity.
2. The Elizabethan Age and the Rise of Theatre
To understand why Shakespeare started writing, it is essential to consider the broader historical and cultural context of the Elizabethan era. Shakespeare lived during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I, a time marked by political stability, economic growth, and an expanding interest in the arts. This was also the golden age of English drama, and the thriving theatre scene provided a significant opportunity for Shakespeare to showcase his writing.
The Growth of London’s Theatre Scene
By the time Shakespeare began his career, London had developed a vibrant theatre culture. The construction of public playhouses, such as The Globe Theatre, allowed playwrights to reach large audiences. The growing popularity of theatre provided Shakespeare with a platform to showcase his talent and creativity. It is possible that the opportunities within the city’s theatrical environment played a role in motivating Shakespeare to take up writing.
The Patronage System and the Role of the Queen
Queen Elizabeth I was a great patron of the arts, and her support for playwrights and artists helped foster a thriving cultural scene. Many of Shakespeare’s contemporaries, such as Christopher Marlowe and Ben Jonson, were able to secure royal patronage, allowing them to focus on their creative endeavors. The possibility of royal support and recognition could have been an attractive prospect for Shakespeare as he pursued his career in theatre.
3. Shakespeare’s Personal Ambitions and Career Choices
Shakespeare’s decision to pursue a career in writing was likely influenced by a combination of personal ambition and the economic prospects offered by the burgeoning theatre industry. While there is limited information on Shakespeare’s early career, it is believed that he moved to London in the late 1580s or early 1590s to seek his fortune. The attraction of the vibrant theatrical scene in the city, coupled with his education and personal talents, would have drawn him to the profession of playwright and poet.
Ambition to Make a Name
Shakespeare’s desire to make a name for himself in the world of theatre was likely motivated by a combination of ambition and the opportunity for financial reward. Playwrights in London at the time were able to gain substantial wealth and recognition, especially if their works were successful on the stage. The desire to achieve fame and success as a writer may have driven Shakespeare to pursue this path, especially since other avenues, such as law or business, may not have been as appealing to him.
The Economic Appeal of Theatre
In addition to personal ambition, Shakespeare was likely drawn to the financial opportunities provided by the theatre. Playwriting was a profitable career for those who achieved success, and Shakespeare’s early plays, such as “Henry VI,” are believed to have been popular with audiences. His success in the London theatre scene helped him accumulate wealth and establish a reputation as one of the leading playwrights of his time.
4. Shakespeare’s Personal Experiences and Influences
Shakespeare’s personal experiences and the people he encountered in his life undoubtedly influenced his writing. While the details of his personal life remain a mystery in many respects, there are several key aspects that can help explain why he may have chosen to write.
His Family and Early Relationships
Shakespeare’s marriage to Anne Hathaway in 1582 and the birth of their three children likely had a profound impact on his life and work. The pressures and challenges of family life may have influenced Shakespeare’s writing, particularly his exploration of relationships and human emotions. Shakespeare’s relationships with family members, including his daughter Susanna, who later became a wealthy landowner, may also have shaped his worldview and writing.
The Influence of the Plague
The Great Plague of London, which struck the city several times during Shakespeare’s lifetime, may have played a significant role in his writing career. During periods of plague, theatres were often closed, and playwrights were forced to find other ways to earn a living. Shakespeare may have used these quieter periods to write and refine his works, finding inspiration in the tragedies and human suffering caused by the plague.
Literary Influences and Collaborations
Shakespeare was not the only playwright of his time, and he had many contemporaries who influenced his writing. His early works show the influence of writers such as Christopher Marlowe, whose blank verse and tragic themes likely impacted Shakespeare’s own writing. Shakespeare was also known to collaborate with other playwrights, and these collaborations may have encouraged him to write more prolifically.
5. Shakespeare’s Desire to Explore Human Nature and Society
One of the most compelling reasons Shakespeare may have started writing is his desire to explore the complexities of human nature and society. Shakespeare’s works delve deeply into the human condition, offering insights into love, ambition, jealousy, betrayal, and power. His ability to create rich, multifaceted characters and intricate plots is a hallmark of his writing.
A Desire to Explore Universal Themes
Shakespeare’s exploration of universal themes likely came from his own experiences and observations of the world around him. Living during a time of political change and social upheaval, Shakespeare had a front-row seat to the struggles and triumphs of human life. His ability to reflect on these themes and create characters that resonate with audiences across time speaks to his deep understanding of human nature.
The Role of Theatre as a Reflection of Society
Theatre during Shakespeare’s time served as both entertainment and social commentary. Plays were a way to reflect on contemporary issues, challenge political structures, and explore moral questions. Shakespeare’s decision to write plays, many of which dealt with social and political themes, may have been motivated by his desire to engage with and reflect on the world around him.
6. The Enduring Legacy of Shakespeare’s Writing Career
Shakespeare’s decision to become a writer was a turning point in literary history. His works have not only entertained audiences for centuries but have also influenced countless writers, poets, and playwrights. The language he developed, the themes he explored, and the characters he created continue to resonate with readers and audiences today.
The Lasting Impact on Literature and Theatre
Shakespeare’s influence on literature and theatre cannot be overstated. His contributions to the English language, including the creation of new words and phrases, have become embedded in everyday speech. His exploration of human emotions and relationships continues to be relevant, and his works remain a cornerstone of both literature and drama.
Conclusion
While the exact reasons why William Shakespeare started writing will never be fully known, we can infer from his life and works that a combination of personal ambition, the opportunities presented by the theatre, his education, and his desire to explore human nature contributed to his decision. Shakespeare’s writing career was shaped by his experiences, his education, the political and cultural context of his time, and his personal drive to succeed. His legacy as one of the greatest writers in history is a testament to the power of storytelling and the lasting impact of the written word.
