Sonnet poetry is a traditional form of verse celebrated for its structured elegance and emotional depth. Typically composed of 14 lines, sonnets adhere to strict rhyme schemes and are written in iambic pentameter. Two main forms exist: the Italian (Petrarchan) and English (Shakespearean). The Italian sonnet divides into an octave and sestet, while the English uses three quatrains and a concluding couplet. Sonnets often explore themes of love, beauty, and mortality, blending rigid form with profound artistic expression.